SPEC CPU2017 Platform Settings for Tyrone Systems

Operating System Tuning Parameters

Transparent Hugepages (THP)
THP is an abstraction layer that automates most aspects of creating, managing, and using huge pages. It is designed to hide much of the complexity in using huge pages from system administrators and developers. Huge pages increase the memory page size from 4 kilobytes to 2 megabytes. This provides significant performance advantages on systems with highly contended resources and large memory workloads. If memory utilization is too high or memory is badly fragmented which prevents hugepages being allocated, the kernel will assign smaller 4k pages instead. Most recent Linux OS releases have THP enabled by default.
THP usage is controlled by the sysfs setting /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled.
Possible values: THP creation is controlled by the sysfs setting /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag.
Possible values: An application that "always" requests THP often can benefit from waiting for an allocation until those huge pages can be assembled.
For more information see the Linux transparent hugepage documentation.
CPUFreq scaling governor:
Governors are power schemes for the CPU. It is in-kernel pre-configured power schemes for the CPU and allows you to change the clock speed of the CPUs on the fly. On Linux systems can set the govenor for all CPUs through the cpupower utility with the following command: Below are governors in the Linux kernel:
tuned-adm:
A commandline interface for switching between different tuning profiles available in supported Linux distributions. The distribution provided profiles are located in /usr/lib/tuned and the user defined profiles in /etc/tuned. To set a profile, one can issue the command "tuned-adm profile (profile_name)".
Below are details about some relevant profiles:
drop_caches
Writing this will cause kernel to drop clean caches, as well as reclaimable slab objects like dentries and inodes. Once dropped, their memory becomes free. Set through "sysctl -w vm.drop_caches=3" to free slab objects and pagecache.

Firmware / BIOS / Microcode Settings

Hyper-Threading [ALL]: (Default="Enable")
Enabled for Windows and Linux (OS optimized for Hyper-Threading Technology) and Disabled for other OS (OS not optimized for Hyper-Threading Technology). When Disabled only one thread per enabled core is enabled.
Intel Virtualization Technology: (Default = "Enable")
When enabled, a VMM can utilize the additional hardware capabilities provided by Vanderpool Technology.
LLC Prefetch: (Default = "Disable")
The LLC prefetcher is an additional prefetch mechanism on top of the existing prefetchers that prefetch data into the core Data Cache Unit (DCU) and Mid-Level Cache (MLC). Enabling LLC prefetch gives the core prefetcher the ability to prefetch data directly into the LLC without necessarily filling into the MLC.
DCU IP Prefetcher: (Default = "Enable")
This L1-cache prefether looks for sequential load history and attempts on this basis to determine the next data to be expected and, if necessary, to prefetch this data from the L2 cache or the main memory into the L1 cache.
DCU Streamer Prefetcher: (Default = "Enable")
This prefetcher is a L1 data cache prefetcher, which detects multiple loads from the same cache line done within a time limit, in order to then prefetch the next line from the L2 cache or the main memory into the L1 cache based on the assumption that the next cache line will also be needed.
Power Technology: (Default = "Custom")
The options are Disable, Energy Efficient, and Custom. Switch processor power management features. If value "Custom" is set, Customer can define the values of all power management setup items. Select Energy Efficient to support power-saving mode. Select Custom to customize system power settings. Select Disabled to disable power-saving settings.
Power Performance Tuning: (Default = "OS Controls EPB")
Allows the OS or BIOS to control the Energy Performance Bias.
Available options are:
ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_CFG mode (Energy Performance Bias Setting): (Default = "Balanced Performance")
This BIOS option allows for processor performance and power optmization.
Available options are:
CPU C6 Report: (Default = "Auto")
Controls the BIOS to report the CPU C6 State (ACPI C3) to the operating system. During the CPU C6 State, the power to all cache is turned off.
Available options are:
Enhanced Halt State (C1E): (Default = "Enable")
Power saving feature where, when enabled, idle processor cores will halt.
Hardware P-states: (Default = "Disable")
The Hardware P-State setting allows the user to select between OS and hardware-controlled P-states. Selecting Native Mode allows the OS to choose a P-state. Selecting Out of Band Mode allows the hardware to autonomously choose a P-state without OS guidance. Selecting Native Mode with No Legacy Support functions as Native Mode with no support for older hardware.
SNC: (Default = "Auto")
Sub-NUMA Clusters (SNC) is a feature that provides similar localization benefits as Cluster-On-Die (COD), without some of COD's downsides. SNC breaks up the LLC into disjoint clusters based on address range, with each cluster bound to a subset of the memory controllers in the system. SNC improves average latency to the LLC.
KTI Prefetch: (Default = "Auto")
When this feature is set to Enable, the KTI prefetcher will preload the L1 cache with data deemed relevant to allow the memory read to start earlier on a DDR bus in an effort to reduce latency. Available options are "Auto", "Disable" and "Enable".
Stale AtoS: (Default = "Auto")
The in-memory directory has three states: I, A, and S. I (invalid) state means the data is clean and does not exist in any other socket's cache. The A (snoopAll) state means the data may exist in another socket in exclusive or modified state. S (Shared) state means the data is clean and may be shared across one or more socket's caches. When doing a read to memory, if the directory line is in the A state we must snoop all the other sockets because another socket may have the line in modified state. If this is the case, the snoop will return the modified data. However, it may be the case that a line is read in A state and all the snoops come back a miss. This can happen if another socket read the line earlier and then silently dropped it from its cache without modifying it.
Available options are:
LLC Dead Line Alloc: (Default = "Enable")
In the Skylake-SP non-inclusive cache scheme, MLC evictions are filled into the LLC. When lines are evicted from the MLC, the core can flag them as "dead" (i.e., not likely to be read again). The LLC has the option to drop dead lines and not fill them in the LLC. If the LLC Dead Line Alloc feature is disabled, dead lines will always be dropped and will never fill into the LLC. This can help save space in the LLC and prevent the LLC from evicting useful data. However, if the LLC Dead Line Alloc feature is enabled, the LLC can opportunistically fill dead lines into the LLC if there is free space available. Available options are "Auto", "Enable" and "Disable".
Enforce DDR Memory Frequency POR: (Default = "POR")
Set to POR enforce Plan Of Record restrictions for DDR5 frequency and voltage programming. Memory speeds will be capped at Intel guidelines. Disabling allows user selection of additional supported memory speeds. Available options are "POR" and "Disable".
Memory Frequency: (Default = "Auto")
Set the maximum memory frequency for onboard memory modules. Available options are "Auto", "3200", "3600", "4000", "4400", "4800", "5200", "5600".
ADDDC Sparing: (Default = "Enabled")
Adaptive Double Device Data Correction (ADDDC) Sparing detects the predetermined threshold for correctable errors, copying the contents of the failing DIMM to spare memory. The failing DIMM or memory rank will then be disabled.
Available options are:
Patrol Scrub: (Default = "Enable at End of POST")
Enable or disable the ability to proactively search the system memory, repairing correctable errors.